目录高一下册月考 高一下学期月考范围 高一下学期数学月考题 高一下学期月考试卷金太阳2023 高一下月考卷
xx中学高一物理第一次月考试题
考试时间:90分钟试卷分值:100分
一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题4分,共40分,本题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项符合题意,请将所选项前的字母填写在答题卡中对应题号下的空格中)
1.高一的新同学分别乘两辆汽车去市红草湖湿地公园游玩。两辆汽车在平直公路上运动,甲车内一同学看见乙车没有运动,而乙车内一同学看见路旁的树木向东移动。如果以地面为参考系,那么,上述观察说明
A.甲车不动,乙车向东运动B.乙车不动,甲车向东运动
C.甲车向西运动,乙车向东运动D.甲、乙两车以相同的速度都向西运动
2.下列说法中正确的是
A.体积、质量都极小的物体都能看成质点
B.当研究一列火车全部通过桥所需的时间时,因为火车上各点的运动相同,所以可以把火车视为质点
C.研究自行车的运动时,因为车轮在转动,所以无论研究哪方面,自行车都不能视为质点
D.各型竖部分运动状态完全一致的物体可视为质点
3.关于位移和路程,下列说法正确的是
A.位移和路程大小总相等,但位移是矢量,有方向,而路程是标量,无方向
B.位移用来描述直线运动,路程用来描述曲线运动
C.位移取决于物体的始末位置,路程取决于物体实际运动的路径
D.位移和路程是一回事
4.以下的计时数据指的是时间间隔的是()
A、天长电视台新闻节目在北京时间20:00准时开播
B、某同学跑1500m用时5分04秒
C、1997年7月1日零时中国对香港恢复行使主权
D、我们学校早上第四节课的上课时间是10:40
5.一个质点作变速直线运动,以v1=10m/s的平均速度完成前1/3路程,以v2=30m/s的平均速度完成剩下2/3的路程,则全过程的平均速度为()
A.20m/sB.40m/s
C.23.3m/sD.18m/s
6.物体做匀加速直线运动,加速度为2m/s2,那么
A.物体的末速度一定比初速度大2m/s
B.每秒钟物体的速度增加2m/s
C.第3秒初的速度比第2秒末的速度大2m/s
D.第3秒末的速度比第2秒初的速度大2m/s
7.—质点沿x轴做直线运动,其v-t图像如图所示。质点在t=0时位于x=5m处,开始沿x轴正向运动。当t=8s时,质点在x轴上的位置为
A.卜首大x=3mB.x=8m
C.x=9mD.x=14m
.资.源.网
8.匀速运动的汽车从某时刻开始做匀减速刹车直至停止,若测得刹车时间为t,刹车位移为s,根据这些测量结果,可以()
A、求出汽车刹车的初速度,不能求出加速度
B、求出汽车刹车的加速度,不能求出初速度
C、求出汽车刹车的初速度、加速度及平均速度
D、只能求出汽车刹车的平均速度
9.甲乙两汽车在一平直公路上同向行驶。在t=0到t=t1的时间内,它们的v-t图像如图所示。在这段时间内
A.汽车甲的平均速度比乙大
B.汽车乙的平均速度等于
C.甲乙两汽车的位移相同
D.汽车甲的加速度大小逐渐减小,汽车乙的加速度大小逐渐增大
10.A、B两质点沿同一直线从同一地点出发,其运动情况在图中由A、B两芹穗条图线表示,下列说法正确的是
A.A、B同时从静止出发,向相同的方向运动高.考.资.源.网B.t=1s时,B质点运动方向发生改变高.考.资.源.网
C.t=2s时,A、B两质点间距离等于2m高.考.资.源.网
D.t=4s时,A、B两质点相遇高.考
xx中学高一物理第一次月考答题卷
得分 评卷人
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案
一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题4分,共40分,本题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项符合题意,请将所选项前的字母填写在下表对应题号下的空格中)
得分 评卷人
二、填空题(本大题共2小题,6+10,共16分。把答案填写在题中横线上的空白处,不要求写出说明或过程)
11.某质点沿直线运动,其位移x和所用时间t满足方程2t2+5t=x,由此可知这个质点
运动的初速度为_____m/s,加速度为______m/s2,3s末的瞬时速度为___________。
12.某同学在“探究小车速度随时间变化的规律”的实验中,用打点计时器记录了被小车拖动的纸带的运动情况,在纸带上确定出A、B、C、D、E、F、G共7个计数点。其相邻点间的距离如图所示,每两个相邻的计数点之间还有4个打印点未画出。
(1)试根据纸带上各个计数点间的距离,计算出打下B、C、D、E、F五个点时小车的瞬时速度,并将各个速度值填入下表要求保留3位有效数字。
(2)将B、C、D、E、F各个时刻的瞬时速度标在直角坐标系中,并画出小车的瞬时速度随时间变化的关系图线。
(3)由所画速度—时间图像求出小车
加速度为m/s2
得分 评卷人
三、计算题(本大题共4小题,8+12+12+12,共44分。要求写出主要的文字说明、方程和演算步骤,只写出答案而未写出主要的演算过程的不能得分,答案中必须写出数字和单位)
13.(8分)某物体做匀加速直线运动,初速度v0=2m/s,加速度a=0.1m/s2,
则第3s末的速度是多少?5s内的位移是多少?
14.(12分)已知一汽车在平直公路上运动,它的位移一时间图象如图甲所示。
(1)根据图象在图乙所示的位置坐标轴上标出O、A、B、C、D、E各点代表的汽车的位置;
(2)求出前4s内的平均速度;
(3)求出第5s末的瞬时速度;
(4)求出第7s末的加速度
15.(12分)一辆汽车以72km/h的速度在平直公路上行驶,现因故紧急刹车,已知汽车刹车过程中加速的的大小始终为5m/s2,求
(1)汽车刹车3s末的速度;
(2)汽车通过30m所需要的时间;
(3)汽车从开始刹车到6s末所通过的位移
16、(12分)为备战xx中学第十四届中学生田径运动会,某班甲、乙两个同学在直跑道上练习4×100m接力,他们在奔跑时有相同的最大速度。乙从静止开始全力奔跑需跑出25m才能达到最大速度,这一过程可看作匀变速直线运动,现在甲持棒以最大速度向乙奔来,乙在接力区伺机全力奔出。若要求乙接棒时奔跑达到最大速度的80%,则:
(1)乙在接力区须奔出多少距离?
(2)乙应在距离甲多远时起跑?
xx中学高一物理第一次月考试题
参考答案
一、选择题(每小题4分,共40分)
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 D D C B D B B C A C
二、填空题:(6+10,共16分)
11.__5__,_4__,17m/s
12.(1)0.400,0.721;(2)略;(3)0.8
三、计算题(8+12+12+12,共44分)
13(1)2.3m/s(2)11.25m
14(1)(每答对两个得1分,不足两个以两个计,共3分)
(2)前4s内的位移为100m,所以有(3分,计算过程或者结果没有单位扣1分)
(3)在4s末至6s末,汽车的位移没有发生变化,由可得速度为0,所以第5s末的速度为0。(3分,直接说“第5s末速度为0”,而未作其他说明的扣1分)
(4)在6s末至8s末,汽车的x-t图象是一条倾斜直线,表示汽车作匀速直线运动,在这个过程中△V=0,根据a=△V/△t可得第7s末的加速度为0(3分,直接说“第7s末加速度为0”,而未作其他说明的酌情扣分)
15、(1)(4分)规定汽车初速度的方向为正方向,由已知条件可得
V0=72km/h=20m/sa=-5m/s2
所以,汽车刹车后3s末的速度V=V0+at=20m/s+(-5m/s2×3s)=5m/s
(2)(4分)方法一:
由代入数据可得一元二次方程,求解方程可得
t1=2s,t2=6s(不合,舍去)(要说明不合理由,否则扣1分)
方法二:由V2-V02=2ax可得,代入数据可求V=10m/s
再由V=V0+at可得=2s
(3)(4分)由V=V0+at变形可以得到,代入数据可以求得汽车从刹车到停止运动的时间t=4s,也就是说,从4s末到6s末,汽车已经停止运动,所以汽车整个刹车过程的运动时间为4s,
方法一:由代入数据可以求得x=40m
方法二:由V2-V02=2ax得,代入数据得x=40m
16.(1)设两人奔跑的最大速度为v,乙在接力区奔出的距离为x'时速度达到最大速度的80%,根据运动学公式有:
v2=2ax
即(0.8v)2=2ax'
解得x'=0.82x=16m
(2)设乙在距甲x0处开始起跑,到乙接棒时乙跑过的距离为x',根据运动学公式有:
vt=x0+x'
x'=×0.8vt
解得:x0=24m
学年度第一学期高一化学月考试卷
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题),满分100分,考试时间100分钟。
可能用到的原子量: H 1 C12 N 14O 16 Na 23 S 32P 31 Cl 35.5
第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共48分)
一.选择题(每小题只有一个正确答案,共16×3=48分)
1.如今人们把食品分为绿色食品、蓝色食品、白色食品等类型。绿色植物通过光合作用转化的食品叫绿色食品;而直接从海洋获取的食品叫蓝色食品;通过微生物发酵制得的食品叫白色食品。下面属于蓝色食品的是 ()
A.食醋B.面粉 C.海带D.白酒
2.以下是一些常用的危险品标志图标,在装运乙醇的包装箱上应贴的图标是()
A BC D
3.下列实验基本操作(或实验注意事项)中,主要不是从实验安全角度考虑的是()
A.酒精灯内的酒精用量一般不超过其容积的2/3,也不少于其容积的1/4
B.用氢气还原氧化铜时,应先通入氢气一会儿,然后再点燃酒精灯加热
C.实验室用高锰酸钾制取氧气结束时,应先将导管从水中取出,然后再停止加热
D.在分液操作中,应将上层液体从分液漏斗的上口倒出
4 . 已知丙酮(C2H6O)通常是无色液体,不溶于水,密度小于1g/mL,沸点为55℃。
要从水与丙酮的混合物里将丙酮分离出来,下列方法中最合理的是()
A.蒸馏B.分液 C.过滤D.蒸发
5.两个体积相同的密闭容器一个盛有氯化氢,另一个盛有H2和Ne的混合气体,在同温同压下,两个容器内的气体一定具有相同的 ()
A.质量 B.原子总数
C.电子总数
D.分子总数
6.除去NaNO3中少量NaCl、Ca(NO3)2杂质,所用试剂及顺序正确的是()
A.Na2CO3 AgNO3 HNO3 B .AgNO3 Na2CO3 HCl
C .AgNO3 Na2CO3 HNO3 D .AgNO3 K2CO3 HNO3
7.阿伏加德罗常数为6.02×1023 mol-1。下列叙述中正确的是 ()
A.标准状况下,2.24L煤油(设为C8H18)中含有4.816×1023个碳原子
B.常温常压下,O2和O3的混合物16g中含有6.02×1023个氧原子
C.25℃时,1L0.1mol·L-1的氢氧化钠溶液中含有6.02×1023个OH-
D.0.5mol
CH4中含有3.01×1023个电子
8.下列说法正确的是 ()
A.摩尔是一个基本物理量,表示物质所含粒子的多少
B.1mol氢中含有2mol氢原子和2mol电子
C.1molH2O的质量等于NA个H2O质量的总和(NA表示阿伏加德罗常数)
D.摩尔表示物质的量的数量单位
9.在下列条件下,两种气体的分子数一定相等的是()
A.同质量不同密度的C2H4和CO B.同温度同体积的C2H6和NO2
C.同温度同密度的CO2和N2 D.同体积同压强的N2和C2H2
10.同温同压下,相同质量的下列气体所占有的体积最大的是( )
A.O2 B.CH4 C.CO2 D.SO2
11.选择萃取剂将碘水中的碘萃取出来,这种萃取剂应具备的性质是B
A.不溶于水,且必须易与碘发生化学反应 B.不溶于水,且比水更容易使碘溶解
C.不溶于水,且必须比水密度大 D.不溶于水,且必须比水密度小
12.如果a g某气体中含有的分子数为b,则c g该气体在标准状况下的体积是(阿伏加德罗常数用NA表示)
A .L B .L C. L D. L
13.下列溶液中c(Cl-)最大的是( )
A .65mL1mol/L的KCl溶液 B .25mL3mol/L的NaCl溶液
C .20mL2mol/L的MgCl2溶液 D .10mL1.5mol/L的AlCl3溶液
14.某溶液由NaCl、MgCl2、Al2(SO4)3、Na2SO4组成,已知C(Na+)=0.4mol/L,C(Al3+)=0.2
mol/L,C(Mg2+)=0.1mol/L,C(Cl-)=0.3mol/L则SO42-的物质的量浓度为 ()
A.0.3 mol/LB.0.4mol/LC.0.45mol/LD.0.55mol/L
15.相对分子质量为M的某物质,在室温下溶解度为S
g/100 g水,此时测得该物质饱和溶液的密度为ρg/cm3,则该饱和溶液的物质的量的浓度是 ()
A.mol/L B.mol/L C.mol/L D.mol/L
16. 将3p%的硫酸与同体积的p%的硫酸混合得到q%的稀硫酸,则p、q的关系正确的是
A.q=2p B.q>2p C.q<2p D.无法确定
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共52分)
二.填空题(37分)
17(10分)选择下列实验方法分离物质,将分离方法的序号填在横线上
A 萃取分液法 B 结晶法 C 分液法 D 蒸馏法 E 过滤法
①_____分离饱和食盐水与沙子的混合物。
②_____分离水和汽油的混合物。
③_____分离四氯化碳(沸点为76.75℃)和甲苯(沸点为110.6℃)的混合物。
④_____从碘的水溶液里提取碘。
⑤_____从硝酸钾和氯化钠的混合液中获得硝酸钾。
18.(12分)如图为实验室制取蒸馏水的装置示意图,根据图示回答下列问题。
(1)图中的两处明显的错误是
__________________________________
__________________________________
(2)A仪器的名称是______________,
B仪器的名称是_______________。
(3)实验时A中除加入自来水外,还需加入少量________________,其作用是____ _
19.(10分)
(1)CO2的摩尔质量为 ;88 gCO2的物质的量为 ,
所含二氧化碳分子数为,在标准状况下的体积约为 。
(2)1.7gNH3共有____ _mol质子;0.1mol
CH4 共有___ _____个电子;同温同压下,同体积的NH3和CH4的质量比为_______________,同质量的NH3和CH4的体积比为______________。
(3)已知1.2gRSO4中含0.01molR2+,则RSO4的摩尔质量是 ;R的相对原子质量是 。
20.(5分)用20克的烧碱配制成250mL的苛性钠溶液,其溶质的物质的量浓度为 ;从中取出1mL,其物质的量浓度为 ;含溶质的质量为 ;若将1mL的溶液加水稀释到100mL,所得溶液中溶质的物质的量浓度为 ;其中含有钠离子的质量为 。
三、计算题(15分)
21.(7分)将8gNaOH溶于多少克水中,才能使每10个水分子溶有一个钠离子?
22.(8分)配制100ml
1.0 mol/L CuSO4溶液,
求:① 用无水硫酸铜配制,则需CuSO4的质量?
①用胆矾配制,则需CuSO4·5H2O的质量?
③ 用 5.0 mol/L CuSO4溶液加水稀释配制,则需5.0 mol/L
CuSO4溶液多少毫升
2014~2015学年度第一学期
高一化学月考
参考答案
CADBD CBCAB BADCB
B
17、每空2分共10分①E②C ③D ④A
⑤ B
18、每空2分共12分
温度计水银球未放在支管口 冷凝管进出水方向反了
蒸馏烧瓶(或具支烧瓶) 冷凝管 沸石(或碎瓷片) 防止暴沸
19、每空1分共10分
(1) 44g/mol2mol 2 NA 44.8L
(2) 1 NA 17:16 16:17
(3) 120g/mol (没有单位或单位错误不得分) 24
20、每空1分共5分2mol/L;2mol/L;0.08g;0.02mol/L;0.046g (没有单位或单位错误不得分)
21、36g(7分)
解析:
n(Na+)
= n(NaOH) = = = 0.2mol
=
n(H2O
) = 10n(Na+) = 10 × 0.2 = 2mol 答到此处得3分
m(H2O
) = n(H2O ) × M(H2O ) = 2mol × 18 g/mol = 36g答到此处得全分
22、(共8分)配制100ml 1.0 mol/LCuSO4溶液,
解析:
① (2分)用无水硫酸铜配制,则需CuSO4的质量?
解:m=n·M =c·V·M=1.0 mol/L×0.1L×160g/mol=16g
②(3分)用胆矾配制,则需CuSO4·5H2O的质量?
解:m=n·M=c·V·M =1.0 mol/L×0.1L×250g/mol =25g
③ (3分)用5.0 mol/L CuSO4溶液加水稀释配制,则需5.0 mol/L CuSO4溶液多少毫升
解:根据c1V1=c2V2 5.0 mol/L×V1=1.0 mol/L×0.1L 解得V1=0.02L=20ml
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2011学年第二学期物理月考试卷
(本卷满分100分,90分钟完成)
班级________________ 学号________________ 姓名______________
选择题(每题3分,共33分)
1、甲、乙两个做匀速圆周运动的质点,它们的角速度之比为3:1,线速度之比为2:3,那么,下列说法中正确的是……………………………………………………( )
A.它们的半径比是2:9 B.它们的半径比是1:2
C.它们的周期比为2:3 D.它们的周期比为3:1
2、对于匀速圆周运动的物体,下列说法中错误的是( )
(A)线速度不变 (B)角速度不变(C)周期不变 (D)转速不变
3、走时准确的钟表,其秒针的角速度大约是( )
(A)0.05rad/s(B) 0.105rad/s(C)1rad/s (D) 6rad/s
4、关于机械振动和机械波下列叙述正确的是()
(A)有机械振动必有机械波
(B)有机械波必有机械振动
(C)在波的传播中,振动质点同时随波的传播方向发生迁移
(D)在波的传播中,如振源停止振动,波的传播立即停止
5、关于波长,下列说法中正确的是()。
(A)横波的两个波峰之间的距离等于一个波长
(B)在振动过程中相对于平衡位置的距离总相等的两个相邻质点间的距离等于一个波长
(C)横波上某一波峰和与其相邻的波谷间的距离等于一个波长
(D)波源开始振动后,在振动的一个周期里波传播的距离等于一个波长
6、右图为一列横波沿着一条右端固定的绳子从A点传播到B点的波形示意图皮乎烂,由图可判出A开始振动的方向是 ()
(A)向左 (B)向右 (C)向上 (D)向下
7、做简谐运动的物体在通过平衡位置时,下列物理量中达到最大值的是………()
A.速度;B.振幅; C.位移; D.加速度
8、关于匀速圆周运动下列正确的说法是:( )
A、匀速圆周运动是速度不变的运动 B、匀速圆周运动是加速度不变的运动
C、匀速圆周运动是向心力不变的运动 D、匀速圆周运动是角速度不变的运动
9、如图所示,为一列沿x轴正方向传播的机械波在某一时刻的图像,由图可知,这列波的振幅A、波长λ和x=l米处质点的速度方向分别为:……………………………( )
A.A=O.4 mλ=1m 向上
B.A=1 mλ=0.4m 向下
C.A=O.4 mλ=2m 向下
D.A=2 mλ=3m 向上
10、已知一列横波沿x轴的方向传播,周期T=0.8s,图中实线、虚线分别为时刻t1和t2的波形图线,已知t2-t1=4.6s,则此波在这段时间传播的方向和距离为…………………()
A.x轴的正方向,46m
B.x轴的负方向,46m
C.x轴的正方向,2m
D.x轴的负方向,6m。
11、压路机后轮的半径是前轮半径的3倍,A、B分别为前轮和后轮边缘上的一点,C为燃漏后轮上的一点,它离后轮边缘的距离是后轮半径的一半。则A、B、C三点顷物的线速度的比值是( )
A、2:2:1B、1:2:1
C、1:2:2D、1:1:2
填空题(每空2分,共38分)
12、如图所示,一个大轮通过皮带拉着一个小轮转动,假设皮带和两轮之间没有打滑,而且 ,C为 的中点,那么:① _______ ,②__ ____,_ _____ 。
13、飞轮的直径是40cm,每分钟转120圈,则飞轮边缘上一点的线速度为 m/s,周期为 s。
14、一个质点做简谐运动,它的振幅为4cm,频率为2.5Hz。若质点从平衡位置开始计时,则经过2s,质点完成了次全振动,位移为 m。
15、如图所示为两列机械波Ⅰ和Ⅱ在同种介质中传播时某时刻的波形图,则它们的波长之比λⅠ:λⅡ= ,周期之比TⅠ:TⅡ= 。
16、正常运转的钟表,其分针、秒针的针尖可视为做匀速圆周运动,它们的角速度之比为,如果它们的长度之比是2:3,则它们的线速度之比为 。
17、如图所示,O为弹簧振子平衡位置,振子可沿水平光滑杆在A、B间作简谐振动,若振子从O 运动到B用时0.2s,振动的频率是 Hz。若OB长度为5cm,则振子在2秒内通过的路程为 m。
18、 如图所示,是一列波在t=0时的波形图,波速为20 m/s,传播方向沿x轴正向。从t =0到t=2.5 s的时间内,质点M所通过的路程是m,位移是 m。
19、声音在空气中的传播速度为340m/s,在水中的传播速度为1450m/s,一列在空气中的波长为0.5m的声波,当它传入水中后的波长约为 m。
20、抖动绳子的一端,每秒做两次全振动。产生了如图所示的一列横波,则绳上横波的波长为cm,波速为m/s.
21、一列简谐波在x轴上传播,波速为50 m/s,已知t=0时刻的波形图像如图所示,图中M处的质点此时正经过平衡位置沿y轴的正方向运动。请将t=0.5 s时的波形图像画在图B上(至少要画出一个波长)。
三、计算题(6分+8分+8分+7分=29分)
22、某物体作匀速圆周运动,其运动半径为2m。如果该物体至运动中心的连线在2s内扫过的圆心角为5400。求该物体的:(1)运动周期;(2)转速;(3)角速度;(4)线速度。
23、弹簧振子以0点为平衡位置做简谐振动。从振子在0点时开始计时,振子第一次到达0点附近的M点用0.3s时间,再次经过M点又用去0.2s,则振子第三次通过M点还要经过的多少时间?
24、如图所示是自行车传动部分的结构示意图,牙盘A 通过链条和飞B相连,飞与后轮C同轴,已知牙盘A、飞B和后轮C的直径分别为24.75cm、8.25cm、66cm,则当人踩踏脚板使自行车以3.3m/s的速度在平直的水平路面上匀速前进时,求:
后轮C的角速度;
牙盘A的边缘D点的线速度。
25、一列横波的波源在图中的坐标原点O处,经过0.4 s,振动从O点向右传播20 cm,P点离O点的距离是80 cm。求:
(1)P点起振时的速度方向如何?
(2)该波从原点向右传播时开始计时,经多长时间质点P第一次到达波峰?
2011学年第二学期物理月考试卷
(本卷满分100分,90分钟完成)
班级________________ 学号________________ 姓名______________
选择题
1——5 AABBD6——11DADCBA
12、1:1 1:2 2:1
13、2.520.5
14、5 0
15、2:1 2:1
16、1:601:90
17、1.250.5
18、2.5 0.05
19、0.1
20、50 1
21、
(1)、1.33s (2)、0.75r/s (3)、4.71rad/s (4)、9.42m/s
1.4s或1/3s
24、(1)、10rad/s(2)、0.4125m/s
25、(1)、向下 (2)、1.9s
一、选择题(本题共10小题,每小题4分,共40分。在每小题给出的四个选项中,至少有一个选项是正确的,全选对的得4分,少选的得2分,有错选或不选的得0分)
1.某小船在静水中的速度大小保持不变,游没州该小船要渡过一条河,渡河时小船船头垂直指向河岸.若船行至河中间时,水流速度突然增大,则
A .小船渡河时间不变 B .小船渡河时间减少
C .小船渡河时间增加 D .小船到达对岸地点不变
2.在下列情况中,汽车对凸形桥顶部的压力最小的是
A.以较小的速度驶过半径较大的桥;
B.以较小的速度驶过半径较小的桥;
C.以较大的速度驶过半径较大的桥:
D.以较大的速度驶过半径较小的桥.
3.两颗靠得较近的天体叫双星,它们以两者重心连线上的某一点为圆心做匀速圆周运动,因而不会因为引力的作用而吸引在一起,以下关于双星的说法中正确的是
A.它们做圆周运动的角速度与其质量成反比
B.它们做圆周运动的线速度与其质量成反比
C.它们所受向心力与其质量成反比
D.它们做圆周运动的半径与其质量成反比
4.关于我国发射www.ks5u.com的同步通讯卫星,下列说法中正确的是
A.它运行的周期比地球自转周期大
B.它运行的速度一定小于第一宇宙速度
C.它定点在北京正上方,所以我国可以利用它进行电视转播
D.它运行的轨道平面一定与赤道平面重合
5.在同一高度,把三个完全相同的小球以相同大小的速度同时抛出去,它们分做竖直上抛、竖直下抛和平抛运动,则下列说法正确的是:
A.每一时刻三个小球的速度均相等B.落地时三个小球的速度相同
C.落地时三个小球的动能相同D.三个小球在空中飞行的时间相同
6.质量为m的小球,从离桌面H高处由静止下落,桌面离地高度为h,如图所示,若以桌面为参考平面,那么小球落地时的重力势能及整个过程中小球重力势能的变化分别为
A.mgh,减少mg(H-h) B.mgh,增加mg(H+h)
C.-mgh,增加mg(H-h) D.-mgh,减少mg(H+h)
7.在下列实例中,不计空气阻力,机械能不守恒的是
A.作自由落体运动的物体
B.落在弹簧上,把弹簧压缩后又被弹起的物体
C.沿光滑曲面自由下滑的物体
D.随起重机吊钓匀速上升的物体
8.人站在h高处的上,水平抛出一个质量为m的物体,物体落地时的速度为v,以地面为重力势能的察弊零点,不计空气阻力,则有
A.人对小球做的功是
B.人对小球做的功是
C.小球落地时的机械能是
D.小球落地时的机械能是
9.一带电粒子从电场中的A点运动到B点,径迹如图中虚线所示,不计粒子所受重力,则
A.粒子带正电
B.粒子加速度逐渐增加
C.A点的场强大于B点的场强
D.粒子的速度不断增大
10.如图右图所示,平行板电容器两极板与电源两极相连. 为电流表,若将电容器的两极板靠近,则在这一过程中, 下列说法错误的是
A . 中有电流,方向是a→b.
B . 中有电流,方向是b→a.
C .电容神蔽器两极板的带电量都增大.
D.电容器两极板间的场强增大.
二、填空、实验题(本题共5小题,每小题4分,共20分)
11.在做“研究平抛运动”的实验时,让小球多次沿同一轨道运动,通过描点法画小球做平抛运动的轨迹,为了能较准确地描绘运动轨迹,下面列出了一些操作要求,将你认为正确的选项前面的字母填在横线上_____。
A.通过调节使斜槽的末端保持水平
B.每次释放小球的位置可以不同
C.每次必须由静止释放小球
D.记录小球www.ks5u.com位置用的木条(或凹槽)每次必须严格地等距离下降
E.小球运动时不应与木板上的白纸(或方格纸)相接触
F.将球的位置记录在纸上后,取下纸,用直尺将点连成折线
12.在用自由落体验证机械能守恒定律的实验中,获得了多条已打上点的纸带,
1)要从几条纸带中挑选第一、二两点间的距离接近______mm并且点迹清晰的纸带进行测量;
2)若所选的合理的纸带上相邻两点的时间间隔为T,第n-1个点与第一点的距离为xn-1,第n个点与第一点的间距为xn ,第n+1个点与第一点的距离为xn+1,则计算第n个点速度的两种方法中正确的是 (填A或B)
A.vn=g (n-1)T B.vn=
13.探究功与物体速度变化的关系实验中,我们(填“需要”或“不需要”)测出橡皮筋做功的具体数值。安装实验装置时,应使木板稍微倾斜,目的是
14.如图所示,a,b是匀强电场中的两点,已知两点间的距离为0.3m,两点的连线与电场线成37o角,两点间的电势差2.4×103V,则匀强电场的场强大小为_________V/m,把电子从a点移动到b点,电子的电势能将增加_________eV
15.某型号汽车发动机的额定功率为72kW,在水平路面上行驶时受到的阻力为1800N,则发动机在额定功率下从静止开始启动,将做 (填“匀加速”“变加速”)直线运动,汽车匀速运动时的速度为 m/s
三、计算题(本题共4小题,共40分。解答应写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤。只写出最后结果的不能给分,有数值计算的题,答案中必须明确写出数值和单位
16.在5m 高处以10m / s 的速度水平抛出一小球,不计空气阻力,g 取 10 m / s2 ,求:
(1)小球在空中运动的时间;
(2)小球落地时的水平位移大小;
17.游乐场的过山www.ks5u.com车可以底朝上在轨道上运行,游客却不会掉下来。我们可把过山车抽象成如图所示模型:弧形轨道的下端与竖直圆轨道相接,使小球从弧形轨道上端滚下,小球进入圆轨道下端后沿圆轨道运动。如果圆轨道的半径为R,为使小球顺利通过圆轨道的最高点,小球在最高点的速度至少应多大?小球刚开始下落的高度h至少要多大?
18.一个带电荷量为 C的正点电荷,逆着电场方向水平地从A点移动到B点的过程中外力做功为 J,点电荷的动能增加了 J,求A、B两点间的电势差UAB 。
19.中国探月首席科学家、中科院院士欧阳自远于2007年5月16日说,中国探月工程分三步走,即绕月、落月、和采样返回,都属不载人探月活动,目前已经实施的第一期探月工程就是在2007年发射的第一颗围绕月球飞行的卫星——“嫦娥一号”。已知地球质量M和月球质量m之比 ,地球半径R与月球半径r之比 ,地球的第一宇宙速度v=7.9km/s,试求:
(1) 月球表面重力加速度与地球表面重力加速度之比;
(2) 围绕月球表面附近飞行的卫星的速度。
参考答案
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
答案
A
D
BD
BD
C
D
BD
BC
C
B
11.ACE
12.2 、 B
13.不需要用重力的分力(下滑力)来平衡小车运动过程中受到的阻力
14.104 2.4×103
15.变加速 40
16. 1s10m
17. 2.5R
18. V
19.(1)地球表面:
月球表面:
联立得:
(2)对近地卫星:
对近月卫星:
联立得 。
不要~切。。。辩咐。笑灶森。。。。。碰亩。
心无旁骛,森镇仔全力以赴,争分夺秒,顽强拼搏脚踏实地,不骄不躁,长风破浪,直济沧海,我们,注定成功!下面给大家分享一些关于高一年级英语试卷及答案,希望对大家有所帮助。
第I卷
第一部分:阅读理解(共两小节,20小题;每小题2分, 满分40分)
第一节 阅旅谨读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出选项,并在答此汪题卡上将该项涂黑。(共15小题,满分30分)
A
As a boy I was always small for my age. I was also five years younger thanone of my brothers and seven years younger than the other. As a result I oftenfelt left out when their friends came over to play. I was either too small ortoo young for whatever they were doing and they didn't want their youngerbrother listening to their conversations either. More often than not I foundmyself outside playing alone and feeling forgotten.
I remember one spring afternoon feeling especially lonely as I sat in theyard behind our house. We lived miles from town and I hardly saw my own friendsoutside of school. I heard my brothers laughing from inside the house and felt asingle tear coming down my cheek. At that moment I saw a large brown dog walkingover to me. He looked happy and his tail was wagging as well. Even though hedidn't know me he greeted me like a long lost friend, licking(舔) my chin andsitting beside me on the spring grass. It must have been at least an hour that Ipatted and talked to this four-legged angel. He let me pour out all my troublesand share my deepest thoughts before he kissed my cheek goodbye and ambled offeither to Heaven or his home. I went back inside feeling happy, knowing that nomatter what life may hold I was loved. Now over 40 years later I still rememberthat angel with a smile.
I believe that God sent him at that moment of sadness to remind me just howmuch he loved me. There is nothing more important than knowing we are loved.When we are loved, we will learn to love others. Learning to love helps us tounderstand ourselves and other people better.
1.How did the writer feel when his brothers’ friends came?
A. Proud. B. Worried. C. Lonely. D. Happy.
2.The writer shared his troubles and thoughts with the dog because______.
A. it was his friend B. it could understand him
C. it looked like an angel D. it was friendly to him
3.From Paragraph 2, we can learn that ______.
A. the boy met a long lost friend
B. the boy had no friends at school
C. the dog spent the afternoon with the boy and his brothers
D. the dog helped the boy realize that he was loved
4.The author wrote the story to______.
A. encourage people to talk about their troubles
B. show knowing you are loved is the most important
C. tell people they should treat animals friendly
D. share his unforgettable experience with us
B
I am a good mother to three children. I have tried never to let myprofession stand in the way of being a good parent.
I no longer consider myself the center of the universe. I show up. Ilisten. I try to laugh. I am a good friend to my husband. I have tried to makemarriage vows (誓约) mean what they say. I am a good friend to my friends, andthey to me. Without them, there would be nothing to say to you today.
So here's what I wanted to tell you today: get a life. A real life, not adesire of the next promotion (提升), the bigger paycheck, the larger house.
Get a life in which you are not alone. Find people you love,and who loveyou. And remember that love is not leisure(休闲) but work. Pick up the phone. Sendan e?mail. Write a letter. And realize that life is the best thing and that youhave no business taking it for granted.
It is so easy to waste our lives,our days,our hours,and our minutes. It isso easy to exist instead of living. I learned to live many years ago. Somethingreally,really bad happened to me,something that changed my life. If I had mychoice,it would never have been changed at all. And what I learned from it iswhat,today,seems to be the hardest lesson of all.
I learned to love the journey,not the destination. I learned to look at allthe good in the world and tried to give some of it back because I believed init,completely and totally. And I tried to do that,in part,by telling others whatI had learned.
By telling them this:read in the backyard with the sun on your face. Learnto be happy. And think of life as a deadly illness,because if you do,you willlive with joy and passion(激情) as it ought to be lived.
5. How did the author form her view of life?
A.Through social experience.
B.By learning from her friends.
C.Through an unfortunate experience.
D. From her children and husband.
6. By the underlined sentence “It is so easy to exist instead of living.”in the fifth paragraph,the author really means that people tend to________.
A.make a living rather than live a real life
B.work rather than enjoy life
C.waste a lot in life
D.forget the most important lesson in life
7. What’s the author’s attitude towards work?
A.Do it well to serve others.
B.Earn enough money to make life better.
C.Try your best to get higher position and pay.
D.Don’t let it affect your real life.
8. It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A.the author is a success in personal life
B.the author doesn’t try her best to work well
C.the author spends all her time caring for her children
D.the author likes traveling very much
C
Mom’s birthday present? It may be a difficult thing for some people, butfor me, it is an easy thing. Mom loved flowers, so every year I sent herflowers. Actually she had a bed of irises (鸢尾花) in the backyard of her small,Indiana farm. They were beautiful. “Take some,” she said, “Dig some up and plantthem on the side of your own house.”
But in my yard they became lacking in energy. A year passed, then two, butnot one flower appeared. I cut back all their green leaves. I was tired ofseeing them so lonely. Finally, I dug the irises up and threw them away.
About that time Mom died unexpectedly. My sister and I sold the farm. Inever went back to see the irises. I just couldn’t stand seeing another familyliving in our home—Mom’s home. Autumn came, then winter. The following spring,as Mom’s birthday approached, I struggled with the question of how to rememberher. I stared out of the window and saw a few stubborn irises in my side yardsprouting (发芽), —tall, thin but flowerless. Because of seeing them, I decided toorder flowers as I always did on Mom’s birthday, and send them to my sister. Iwished so badly I could still send flowers to Mom. But that was impossible.
On the morning of Mom’s birthday, I was in my car ready to work. Somethingin the yard caught my eye. The irises! One had bloomed with flowers, big, showyand purple, as lovely as they ever had been on Mom’s farm. I smiled and turnedmy eyes upward. I could no longer send flowers to Mom. But somehow, she’d beenable to send them to me.
9.According to the first paragraph, Mom ________.
A. didn’t like the presents from the author
B. wanted to give the author some flowers
C. lived with the author on an Indiana farm
D. got different birthday presents from the author every year
10.At first, the irises in the author’s yard ________.
A. all died quickly B. grew as well as on Mom’s farm
C. didn’t bloom at all D. grew better than those on Mom’s farm
11.What troubled the author?
A. She didn’t know how to grow irises.
B. She regretted they had sold Mom’s farm.
C. She couldn’t bear others living in Mom’s home.
D. She didn’t know what to do in memory of Mom.
12.What can be learned from the last paragraph?
A. All the irises in the author’s yard bloomed.
B. The author went to see the irises in Mom’s yard.
C. It was Mom who took care of these irises in the author’s yard.
D. The author thought the blooming irises were gifts from Mom.
D
The following are letters to the editor of a school newspaper.
Dear editor,
I’d like to express my opinion about grades. Students should be allowed tostudy without worrying about grades. Fortunately, most educators are becomingaware of the fact that students have different interests and abilities. Iunderstand that grades are useful, but grades often limit creativity. Competingfor better grades causes many students to turn down opportunities to pursuemusic, dramatics and sports. Grades force an arbitrary(武断的) standard of successon everyone. I do not demand as some extremists do, that grades be removedimmediately. However, I do believe that less emphasis should be placed ongrades. I hope that someday grades will become optional at Village HighSchool.
Magdalena Smith
Drama Club
Dear editor,
I’d like to say something about grades. Let’s face the facts about grades.Grades perform three basic functions. First, grades motivate(激发) students towork at their highest level of competence(能力). Second, they act as a reward forhardworking students and as a punishment to students who do not work hard.Finally, grades are used as an effective standard by which to measure students’achievement. Good grades help students to get jobs and to get into university.I've spoken with a number of students who have jobs, and most of them say thatthey were hired primarily on the basis of their grades. My grades helped me landa part-time job and will help me get into university next year. I think gradesare extremely important at Village High School.
Simon Harper
Science Club
13.Which of the following is not Magdalena Smith’s opinion?
A. Grades should not be used to measure a person’s success.
B. Students may give up the chance to learn music and sports forgrades.
C. Students’ creativity may not be developed for grades.
D. Grades should be taken away at once.14.We can learn Simon Harper_____.
A. is concerned about students' creativity
B. believes in the benefits of good grades
C. doesn't work too hard at his studies
D. supports students' interests and abilities
15.From the second letter, we can infer that Simon Harper is a/an_____.
A. student B. teacher C. headmaster D. advertiser
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A good book can be satisfying. If reading is a habit you’d like to getinto, there are some ways to develop it.
Realize that reading is enjoyable if you have a good book. If you have adifficult book and you are forcing yourself through it, it will seem like atask. ______16_______
Set time. You should have some time during every day when you’ll read forat least 5 to 10 minutes. _____17_______ For example, make it a habit to readduring breakfast and lunch and even dinner if you eat alone.
Always carry a book. ___18___ When I leave the house, I always make sure tohave my car keys and one book at hand. The book stays with me in the car, and Itake it into the office and to appointments and pretty much everywhere I go.
__19__ Find a place in your home where you can sit in a comfortable chair.Don’t lie down unless you’re going to sleep. There should be television orcomputer near the chair, and no music or no noisy family members/roommates. Ifyou don’t have a place like this, create one.
Reduce television/the Internet. If you really want to read more, trycutting back on time on TV or the Internet. __20__ Still, every minute youreduce of the Internet/TV, you could use for reading. This could create hours ofbook reading time.
A. Wherever you go, take a book with you.
B. Go to bookstores.
C. Have some good tea or coffee while you read.
D. Find a quiet place.
E. This may be difficult for some people.
F. If this happens, give up the book and find another one that you’llreally love.
G. It means you will read no matter how busy you are.
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出可以填入空白处的选项。
It was the last day of the final examination in a large eastern university.On the steps of one building, a group of engineering seniors gathered,discussing the exam due to begin in a few 21 . On their faces wasconfidence(自信). This was their last exam—then on to 22 and jobs.
Some talked of jobs they already had; others talked of jobs they 23 get.With the certainty of four years of college, they felt ready and able to take 24of the world.
The coming exam, they knew, would be a(n) 25 task. The professor had saidthey could bring 26 books or notes they wanted, requesting only that they didnot 27 each other during the test.
28 they entered the classroom. The professor passed out the papers. Andsmiles 29 on the students’ faces as they noted there were only five essay-typequestions.
Three hours had passed 30 the professor began to collect the papers. Thestudents no longer looked confident. On their faces was a frightened expression.Papers in hand, no one spoke as the professor faced the class.
He looked at the 31 faces before him, and then asked, “How many completedall five questions?” 32 a hand was raised.
“How many answered four?” Still no hands.
“Three? Two?” The students moved restlessly in their seats.
“One, then? Certainly somebody finished 33 .” But the class remainedsilent.
The professor put down the papers. “That is exactly what I 34 ,” He said.“I just want to impress upon you that 35 you have completed four years ofengineering, there are still many things about the 36 you don’t know. Thesequestions you couldn’t answer are relatively 37 in everyday practice.” Thensmiling, he added, “You will all 38 this course, but remember—even though youare now college graduates, your education has just 39 .”
Over years they have 40 the name of his professor, but not the lesson hetaught.
21. A. seconds B. hours C. minutes D. days
22. A. graduation B. interview C. discussion D. education
23.A. must B. had to C. would D. used to
24. A. hold B. charge C. place D. control
25. A. interesting B. necessary C. unusual D. easy
26. A. no B. any C. either D. all
27. A. listen to B. talk to C. look at D. refer to
28. A. Joyfully B. Nervously C. Quickly D. Curiously
29. A. changed B. appeared C. froze D. stopped
30. A. then B. before C. as D. after
31. A. pleased B. surprised C. worried D. moved
32. A. Once B. Not C. Only D. Even
33. A. one B. all C. none D. it
34. A. wondered B. enjoyed C. hated D. expected
35. A. right now B. as though C. even though D. now that
36. A. exam B. question C. college D. subject
37. A. valuable B. difficult C. strange D. common
38. A. pass B. fail C. take D. start
39. A. begun B. completed C. failed D. succeeded
40. A. understood B. forgotten C. remembered D. strengthened
第二节 语法填空
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(共10小题,每小题1.5分,共15分)
When I was 8 years old, I once decided to run away from home. With mysuitcase packed and some sandwiches in a bag, I started for the front door andsaid to Mom, “I 41_________ (leave).”
“If you want to run away , that’s all right,” she said. “But you came intothis home 42________ anything and you can leave the same way.” I threw mysuitcase and sandwiches on the floor heavily and started for the door again.
“Wait a minute,” Mom said. “I want your 43_______ back. You didn’t wearanything when you arrived.” This really angered me. I tore my clothes off—shoes,socks, underwear and all—and shouted , “Can I go now?” “Yes,” Mom answered, “butonce you close that door, don’t expect 44_________(come ) back.”
I was so angry that I slammed (砰地关上) the door and stepped out on the frontporch. 45 _______ (sudden) I realized that I was outside, with nothing on. ThenI noticed that down the street, two neighbor girls were walking toward ourhouse. I ran to hide behind a big tree in our yard at once. After a while, I wassure the girls 46_________ (pass) by. Then I dashed to the front door and bangedon it loudly.
“Who’s there?” I heard.
“It’s Billy! Let me in!”
The voice behind 47 ________ door answered, “Billy doesn’t live hereanymore. He ran away from home.” 48________ (glance) behind me to see if anyoneelse was coming, I begged, “Aw, come on, Mom! I’m still your son. Let me49________!”
The door inched open and Mom’s smiling face appeared. “Did you change your50 ________ (decide) about running away?” she asked.
“What’s for supper?” I answered.
第II卷
第三部分:写作(共两节,满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题,每小题1.5分,满分15分)
文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I am a high school student. A few days before, one of my very good friendtold me that he was going to stop the school. He said that he wanted to starthis own business. I tried best to get him to change his mind, but I failed. Iknow it is difficult of him to change his mind. He is not doing so good in hisstudies, yet I want to insist that he should give it a try. The process is moreimportant than the results. Now there is only 60 days left before that test. Iam not sure that his decision is right or wrong . I needed your advice.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
近来很多高中毕业生利用暑假期间学习开车,请你根据以下提示写一篇有关学开车的利与弊的文章。
利:1.一种非常有积极意义的经历;2.为你提供方便;3.给你独立的感觉。 弊:1.市内停车不便;2.费用较高;3.安全隐患。
注意:1. 文章开头已为你写好,不计入总词数。
2. 短文须包括所有要点,可适当增加细节,以使行文流畅。
3. 词数:12 0词左右。
These days many high school graduates are learning driving during theirsummer vacation. In my opinion , learning to drive a car is a very positiveexperience for an individual.
____________________________________________________________________
英语参考答案
【阅读理解答案】:1-4 CDDB 5-8 CADA 9-12 BCDD 13-15 DBA
【七选五答案】16.F 17.G 18.A 19.D 20.E
【完形填空答案】
21-25 CACDD 26-30 CBABB 31-35 CBADC 36-40 DDAAB
【语法填空答案】
41.am leaving/will leave 42.without 43.clothes 44.to come
45.Suddenly 46.had passed 47.the 48.Glancing 49.in 50.decision
【短文改错答案】
51.before---ago 52.friend---friends 53.去掉the
54.在tried best之间加my 55.of---for 56.good---well
57.results---result 58.is---are 59.that---whether/if 60.needed---need
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