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研究生考试题目,硕士研究生考试试题

  • 研究生
  • 2023-06-03
目录
  • 研究生的题目有哪些
  • 大学考研试卷
  • 全国研究生考试真题
  • 考研究生数学题目
  • 博士数学题试卷

  • 研究生的题目有哪些

    研究生考试护理跟临床的题目不是一样的,因为护理做扒掘专业和临床专业是两个不同的专业,所以他们的题目不是一样的,但他们有的理科的成绩纯核,数学和政治的题目有可能是一此槐样的。

    大学考研试卷

    50道题。根据查询北交大显示,研究生考试设有50题目,对应选择,填空和简答。北京交通大学,位于北京市,是中华人民共和国教育部直属,教育部、交大逗洞通运输部、北京市人民政府、中国国家铁滚枯路集团有限公司共建指橘的全国重点大学,是国家“双一流”建设高校。

    全国研究生考试真题

    一、A型题:1~80小题,每小题1.5分,共120分。在每小题给出的A、B、C、D四个选项中,请选出一项最符合题目要求的。

    1.提出“阳常有余,阴常不足”观点的医家是

    A、朱丹溪B、刘完素C、张从正D、张元素

    2. “孤阴不生,独阳不长”所阐述的阴阳关系是

    A、阴阳转化B、阴阳互根C、相互对立D、相互消长

    3. 下列各项中,宜遵循五行相生规律施治的是

    A、水不涵高空搭木B、水火不济C、水不疏土D、木火刑金

    4. 化生“涎”的脏腑是

    A、肾B、肺C、脾D、肝

    5. 肝能促进脾胃运化功能的机理是

    A、调和气血B、调畅情志C、调畅气机D、调节血量

    6. 下列各项中,对气机升降运动起枢纽作用的是

    A、肺主呼气,肾主纳气B、心火下降,肾水上济

    C、肝气主升,肺气主降D、脾气主升,胃气主降

    7. “分肉解利,皮肤调柔,亏旅腠理致密”(《灵枢·本藏》)的生理基础是

    A、元气充B、卫气和C、宗气足D、营气盛

    8. 分布于上肢内侧前缘的经脉为

    A、手太阴肺经B、手少阴心经C、手厥阴心包经D、手太阳小肠经

    9. 风邪伤人,痛无定处,所体现的是

    A、风为阳邪B、风性数变C、风性开泄D、风性善行

    10.“脉凝泣而变色”(《素问·五藏生成篇》)的原因是

    A、多食咸B、多食苦C、多食甘D、多食辛

    11. 患者突然冷汗淋漓,四肢厥逆,其病机是

    A、气陷B、气闭C、气脱D、气亡

    12. 下列各项中,不属于“内风”的是

    A、血燥生风B、阴虚风动C、风中络脉D、热极生风

    13. “壮水之主,以制阳光”属于

    A、阳病治阴B、阴病治阳C、阳中求阴D、阴中求阳

    14. 阴虚之体,慎用温热之剂属于

    A、热者寒之B、用热远热C、阴中求阳D、因人制宜

    15.最早提出诊脉“独取寸口”的医籍是

    A、《内经》B、《难经》C、《伤寒杂病论》D、《脉经》

    16. 症见表情淡漠,喃喃自语,苦笑无常者,其病机是

    A痰气郁结,蒙蔽心神B肝风夹痰,蒙蔽清窍

    C阳明热盛,扰乱神明D气郁化火,痰火扰神

    17. 下列各项中,均属于面色黑主病得是

    A寒证、水饮B肾虚、脾虚C血瘀、湿证D痛证、惊风

    18. 下列各项中,不属于呃逆常见原因的是

    A进食仓促B热邪客胃C胃气衰败D食积肠腑

    19. 症见中午寒战,午后发热恶热,随后汗出而热退,每日1次者,属于

    A少阳病B阳明病C疟疾D湿温

    20. 下列各组脉象中,脉位相反的是

    A浮脉与虚脉B濡脉与弱脉C洪脉与细脉D芤脉与革脉

    21. 症见恶寒发热,头身疼痛,脉浮紧,伴咳喘痰黄,大便干结者,证属

    A表里俱热证B里实热证C表实寒证D表寒里热证

    22. 下列各项中,不属于肝火犯肺证临床表现的是

    A面红目赤,急躁易怒B胁肋灼痛,咳嗽阵作

    C 胸部疼痛,咯吐血腥臭痰D舌红苔黄,脉弦数

    23. 下列各项中,不见表证表现的是

    A风热犯肺证B燥邪犯肺证C寒痰阻肺证D风寒束肺证

    24. 症见阴部灼热瘙痒,带下黄臭,舌苔黄腻,脉弦滑数者,属于

    A肝胆湿热证B膀胱湿热证C大肠湿热证D湿热蕴脾证

    25. 下列各项中,不属于胃阴虚证临床表现的是

    A胃脘嘈杂,饥不欲食B口燥咽干,脉象细数

    C脘痞戚拿不适,干呕呃逆D大便稀溏,小便短少

    26.下列各项中,不属于实证典型表现的是

    A腹胀时作B腹痛硬满C舌质绛紫D舌苔厚腻

    27. 症见月经停闭,头晕目眩,面色无华,肢体麻木者,证属

    A脾气亏虚证B肾精亏虚证C肝血虚证D心血虚证

    28.六经病的传变中,两经或三经同时出现者,称为

    A 并病B 合病C 直中D传经

    29.何首乌炮制的目的是

    A便于贮藏B 便于制剂C改变性能D引药入经

    30.白芷具有细辛不具有的功效是

    A 解表散寒B祛风止痛C宣通鼻窍D 消肿排脓

    31既可用治热毒血痢,又可用治冷积久病的药物是

    A白头翁B鸦胆子C石榴皮D五味子

    32.具有祛痰止咳、杀虫疗疮功效的药物是

    A芫花B苦参C 浙贝母D雄黄

    33.清热利湿宜生用,健脾止泻宜炒用的药物是

    A茯苓B薏苡仁C白扁豆D 白术

    34.下列各项中,不属于山楂主治病症的是

    A疝气疼痛B积滞泻痢腹痛C虫积腹痛D产后瘀阻腹痛

    35.宜入丸散,不入煎剂的药物是

    A 雷丸B苦楝皮C使君子D榧子

    36.牛黄、熊胆粉均具有的功效是

    A平肝潜阳B清肝明目C化痰开窍D 息风止痉

    37.血竭入丸散的用量是

    A 0.1-0.2g B 0.3-0.6g C 1-2g D 3-6g

    38.既能益气养阴,又能清热生津的药物是

    A黄精B 天冬C 山药D西洋参

    39.赤石脂、禹余粮均具有的功效是

    A 固精止遗B收敛止血C 敛汗固脱D敛疮生肌

    40.下列各药中,外用能祛腐蚀疮的是

    A.胆矾B 硼砂C蛇床子D硫磺

    41.枳实具有的功效是

    A行气开胸、宽中除胀B破气消积、化痰除痞

    C行气止痛、健脾消食D疏肝破气、消积化滞

    42.外用攻毒杀虫,内服逐水通便的药物是

    A 升药B 轻粉C 砒石D 铅丹

    43.酸枣仁汤中含有的药物是

    A. 川芎、知母、茯苓B. 白芍、栀子、茯神

    C.川芎、知母、茯神D.赤芍、远志、茯苓

    44.天麻钩藤饮中含有的药物

    A. 川牛膝B. 牡蛎C. 龟板D.鳖甲

    45.小陷胸汤中不含的药物是

    A. 黄连B.大黄C.瓜蒌D.半夏

    46.清气化痰丸中不含的药物是

    A. 瓜蒌、黄岑B.胆南星、杏仁C.陈皮、茯苓D.浙贝母、桔梗

    47.以凉血止血、利水通淋为主要功能的方剂是

    A. 八正散B.猪苓汤C.小蓟饮子D.陈氏萆薢分清饮

    48.玉女煎的功用是

    A. 清肝泻火B.清胃凉血C.清胃滋阴D.滋阴养肝

    49.厚朴温中汤的功用是

    A. 温中行气,健脾和胃B.温中祛寒,消食除胀

    C.疏肝理气,温中散寒D.行气除满,温中燥湿

    50.败毒散中配伍少量人参益气扶正的主要用意是

    A. 益气生津B.实卫固表C.资助汗源D.驱邪外出

    51.清燥救肺汤中配伍石膏的用意是

    A. 倾泻肺热B.敛肺定喘C.除烦止渴D.化痰止咳

    52.患者脐腹疼痛,按之坚硬有块,大便不通,偶可排出少量臭*稀水,日晡潮热,口舌干燥,脉沉实。治宜选用

    A. 小承气汤B.大承气汤C.增液承气汤D.新加黄龙汤

    53.患者平素饮食不多,常疲惫,每逢月经来潮两胁隐痛,****作胀,经行量少而不畅,脉弦细。治宜选用

    A. 失笑散B.逍遥散C.四逆散D.越鞠丸

    54.温病后期,症见形体消瘦,肌肤欠润,夜间身热,天亮热退,饮食尚可,舌红少苔,脉细数者,治宜选用

    A. 清营汤B.清骨汤C.秦艽鳖甲散D.青蒿鳖甲汤

    55.患者心悸不安,胸痛如针刺而有定处,舌质暗红,脉弦紧。治宜首选

    A 桃核承气汤B 血府逐瘀汤C瓜蒌薤白白酒汤D 活络效灵丹

    56.患者咳嗽气喘,咽喉干燥,咳痰不多,痰中带血,舌红少苔,脉象细数,治宜选用

    A 泻白散B 定喘汤C咳血方D 百合固金汤

    57.患者干咳少痰,咽干鼻燥,恶寒发热,头痛无汗,舌苔薄白而干,脉浮,治宜选用

    A 杏苏散B 桑菊饮C 桑杏汤D 止嗽散

    58.患者心悸时作,受惊易发,胸闷烦躁,失眠多梦,尿赤便干,舌红苔黄腻,脉弦滑。治宜选用

    A 安神定志丸B导赤散C黄连温胆汤D天王补心丹

    59.患者胸闷气短,动则更甚,面白畏寒,心悸喘促,下肢水肿,舌质淡胖,苔白滑,脉沉迟。治宜选用

    A 乌头赤石脂丸B 右归饮C真武汤D 枳实薤白桂枝汤

    60.患者胃痛暴作,恶寒喜暖,口淡不渴,舌淡苔白,脉弦紧。治宜选用

    A 辛开苦降,缓急止痛B 温胃散寒,行气止痛

    C 健脾和胃,行气止痛D 理气和胃,缓急止痛

    61.患者干咳时作,饥不欲食,口干咽燥,舌红少津,脉细数。治宜选用

    A 沙参麦冬汤B 竹叶石膏汤C生脉散D麦门冬汤

    62.患者饮食难下,呕吐物如赤豆汁,胸膈疼痛,形体消瘦,舌质紫暗,脉细涩。治宜选用

    A 滋阴养血,破血行瘀B益气滋阴,活血化瘀

    C 清热凉血,破血行瘀D 开郁化痰,活血化瘀

    63.患者尿血日久,头晕耳鸣,神疲乏力,腰背酸痛。舌淡脉弱,其辨证是

    A膀胱湿热B 肾虚火旺C 肾气不固D脾不统血

    64.患者与人争吵后,胁肋疼痛,迁延日久,隐痛绵绵,头中烦热,舌红少苔,脉弦细。治宜选用

    A 血府逐瘀汤B 柴胡舒肝散C 逍遥散D 一贯煎

    65.黄疸形成的关键病理因素是

    A 热邪B 寒邪C瘀血D 湿邪

    66.患者精神恍惚,心神不安,悲忧善哭,多疑易惊,时时欠伸。治宜选用

    A归脾汤B甘麦大枣汤C 丹栀逍遥散D 朱砂安神丸

    67.疟疾日久,遇劳易发,面色萎黄,倦怠乏力,短气懒言,舌淡脉弱。其诊断是

    A 嶂疟B寒疟C劳疟D正疟

    68.患者小便不畅,情志抑郁,胁腹胀满,苔白脉弦。治宜选用

    A 四逆散B 木香顺气散C 沉香散D 五磨饮子

    69 患者关节红肿,疼痛剧烈如刀割,入夜尤甚,伴有皮肤红斑,壮热烦渴,舌红少津。治疗应清热通络,祛风除湿,又需

    A 凉血解毒B 化痰散结C 养阴生津D 养血化瘀

    70.痴呆的基本病机是:

    A 积损正伤,心神失养B 髓海不足,神机失用

    C 年老体衰,心脾两虚 D 气火痰瘀,上扰清窍

    71.患者不寐,急躁易怒,头晕目眩,头痛欲裂,大便燥结,三日未行。治宜选用

    A龙胆泻肝汤B 丹栀逍遥散C 增液承气汤D当归龙荟丸

    72 下列属于“虚则补之”针灸原则的是:

    A 陷下则灸之B菀陈则除之C邪盛则虚之D 不盛不虚以经取之

    73.不属于足少阳肾经腧穴的是

    A 前阴病B咽喉病C 后阴病D 足跟病

    74.命门穴旁开3寸的腧穴是

    A 肾俞B腰阳关C 稚边D 志室

    75.治疗胃病依据原络配穴法应选用的腧穴是

    A冲阳、公孙B 章门、内关C 丰隆、太白D脾俞、中脘

    76.阳经欷穴多用于治疗

    A腑病B 脏病C 血证D 痛证

    77 下列腧穴中,即属于原穴又属于输穴的是

    A 合谷B 太白C 外关D 足临泣

    78.针刺治疗腹部的主穴是

    A 中脘、天枢、足三里、三阴交B 中脘、足三里、内关、章门

    C 内关、天枢、足三里、内庭D 中脘、章门、足三里、支沟

    79.患者心悸时作,头晕少寐,遗精盗汗,舌红少苔,脉细数,治疗除主穴外,还应配

    A 肾俞、太溪B 肝俞、太冲C 心俞、太渊D脾俞、太白

    80.下列各项中,不宜毫针深刺的是

    A 体型肥胖B秋冬季节C热证新病D 肢体部的腧穴

    二、B型题:81~120小题:每小题1.5分,共60分。A、B、C、D是其下两道小题的备选项.请从中选择一项最符合题目要求的。每个选项可以被选择一次或两次。

    A.运行水液B.通调水道C.运化水湿D.泌别清浊

    81.三焦的功能是

    82.小肠的功能是

    A.痰饮B.溢饮C.支饮D.悬饮

    83. 饮邪停于胸者称为

    84. 饮邪停于胃肠者称为

    A.阳气亢盛,损伤阴精B. 阳气虚损,阴气以生,导致阴阳两虚

    C.阳气虚衰,阴气相对偏盛D.阳盛至极,热盛于内,排斥阴气于外

    85. 阳损及阴是指

    86. 阳盛格阴是指

    A.肝脾不调B.脾肾阳虚C.脾虚气陷D.脾胃虚寒

    87. 引起大便时溏时结的原因

    88. 引起排便不爽的原因

    A.鱼翔脉B.虾游脉C.雀啄脉D.解索脉

    89.脉在皮肤,头定而尾摇,似有似无者为

    90. 脉在筋肉连连数息,三五不调者为

    A.肾精不足证B.肾气不固证C.肾阴虚证D.肾阳虚证

    91.腰膝酸软,神疲乏力,月经淋漓不尽,舌淡脉弱者证属()

    92. 腰膝酸软,发脱齿松,经闭不孕,舌淡脉弱者证属()

    A.吴茱萸B.小茴香C.高良姜D.丁香

    93.治疗厥头痛,宜选用的药物是

    94. 治疗虚寒泄泻,宜选用的药物是

    A.活血祛瘀,行气止痛B.活血祛瘀,祛风除湿

    C.活血止痛,化瘀止血D.活血行气,祛风除湿

    95.三七、五灵脂的功效共同点是

    96. 川芎,延胡索的功效共同点是

    A.旋覆花B.白前C.前胡D.紫苏子

    97. 功能降气化痰,又能降逆止呕的药物是

    98. 既能降气化痰,又能疏散风热的药物是

    A桂枝B干姜C甘草D附子

    99.四逆散于四逆汤组成中均有的药物是

    100. 四逆汤与当归四逆汤中均有的药物是

    A 温阳健脾B益气健脾C健脾止泻D 温阳止泻

    101.实脾散与温脾汤均有的功效

    102. 健脾丸与归脾汤均有的功效

    A 石膏汤B 大青龙汤C 大秦艽汤D 防风通圣散

    103.解表、清热、攻下宜用的方剂

    104. 表里、气血、三焦同治的方剂

    A麻杏石甘汤B 桑白皮汤C 苏子降气汤D 三子养亲汤

    105.患者咳喘,胸部胀满,咳痰粘稠,伴恶寒身痛,身热无汗,舌红苔黄,脉滑,治宜选用

    106. 患者咳喘,胸部胀痛,咳痰黄稠,伴口渴便秘,身热烦渴,舌红苔黄,脉滑。治宜选用

    A 天王补心丹B 生铁落饮C 化肝煎D 二阴煎

    107.狂病火盛阴伤证,治宜选用

    108. 瘿病心肝阴虚证,治宜选用

    A增液汤B润肠丸C桃花汤D驻车丸

    109.痢疾属阴虚证者,治宜选用

    110. 便秘属血虚证者,治宜选用

    A头痛昏蒙B头痛隐隐C头痛且胀D头痛且空

    111.血虚头痛的主症特点

    112. 肾虚头痛的主症特点

    A中极、次髎、三阴交B肾俞、太溪、三阴交

    C关元、足三里、三阴交D带脉、中极、三阴交

    113.针灸治疗痛经实证宜选用

    114. 针灸治疗痛经虚证宜选用

    A耳聋取听宫B腰背取委中C痰多取丰隆D失眠取心俞

    115.属于近部取穴的是

    116. 属于远部取穴的是

    A行间、侠溪B血海、三阴交C中脘、丰隆D内庭、阴陵泉

    117. 针灸治疗脾胃虚热型蛇串疮,宜选用

    118. 针灸治疗肝经热郁型蛇串疮,宜选用

    A手少阳三焦经B足少阳胆经C手太阳小肠经D足厥阴肝经

    119.天宗穴所属的经脉是

    120. 大墩穴所属的经脉是

    三、X型题:121~180小题,每小题2分,共120分。在每小题给出的A、B、C、D四个选项中,至少有两项是符合题目要求的。请选出所有符合题目要求的答案。多选或少选均不得分。

    121.中医学理论体系形成的基础有

    A 古代自然科学的渗透B 古代哲学思想的影响

    C 对生命现象的长期观察D 长期医疗经验的积累

    122.“抑木扶土”法适用于

    A 脾失健运B 胃失和降C 肝气犯胃D肝旺脾虚

    123.心肾相交体现为

    A 水火既济B 君相安位C 精神互用D精血互化

    124.与“心与小肠相表里”相关的是

    A心与小肠在五行同属火B 心经与小肠经相互络属

    C 心经火盛,可移热于小肠D 小肠热盛,可循经上炎于心

    125.气的作用中,与调节尿液和汗液有关的是

    A 温煦作用B 气化作用C 推动作用D 固摄作用

    126. 属于十二经生理功能的是

    A调节全身气血B束骨而利关节

    C调节骨节经脉D保护脏器组织

    126. 属于十二经筋生理功能的是

    A调节全身气血B束骨而利关节

    C调养骨节经脉D保护脏器组织

    127. 过度愤怒可导致

    A飧泄B呕血C昏厥D薄厥

    128. 可导致咳嗽少痰,痰黏难咯,口咽干燥的原因是

    A痰热郁肺B燥邪袭肺C风热犯肺D肺津耗伤

    129. 下列各项中,属于“寒从中生”的有

    A阳气虚衰,阴寒内生B阳气虚衰,寒饮停聚

    C寒邪直中,伤及脾胃D饮食生冷,伤及中阳

    130. 下列叙述中,属于从治法的是

    A阳中求阴B通因通用C火邪开室D阴病治阳

    131. 佝偻病患儿可见

    A、方颅B、解颅C、扁平胸D、漏斗胸

    132. 关于白苔临床意义的叙述,正确的是

    A、苔薄白而润,可见于外感表证初期

    B、苔白而厚腻,多为水饮内停

    C、苔白厚如积粉,扪之不燥,常见于食积胃肠

    D、苔白腻而燥,可因湿浊内阻,气不化津而致

    133. 热盛伤津的舌象可表现为

    A、短缩舌B、强硬舌C、苔焦黄而燥D、苔灰黑而干

    134. 属于血热所致月经异常的是

    A、月经先期B、月经后期C、经色深红粘稠D、月经过少

    135.属于弦脉主病的有

    A、肝胆病B、痛证C、痰饮D、宿食

    136. 关于表证与里证鉴别的叙述正确的是

    A表证起病较急,里证起病较缓B.表证不见沉脉,里证不见浮脉

    C表证舌象少有变化,里证舌象多有变化D.表证以恶寒为主,里证以发热为主

    137. 属于血瘀证表现的是

    A.疼痛常在夜间,喜温喜按B. 出血反复不止,血色紫暗

    C.面色黧黑,舌色淡紫D、肌肤甲错

    138. 属于痰热壅肺证表现的是

    A、咯痰黄稠B、气喘鼻煽C、喉间痰鸣D、胸闷胸痛

    139. 属于寒湿困脾证临床表现的是

    A.腹部冷痛,喜温喜按B.面目发黄,晦暗不泽

    C.头身困重,恶心D.肢体浮肿,小便短

    140. 心血虚证与心阴虚证均可表现为

    A.心悸脉细B.头晕舌淡C.心烦烘热D.失眠多梦

    141.具有沉降药性的药物是

    A.利水渗湿药B. 息风止痉药C.止咳平喘药D.收敛止血药

    142. 既能疏散风热,又能利咽、透疹的药物是

    A.薄荷B.牛蒡子C.蝉蜕D.浮萍

    143. 可用于治疗温毒发斑的药物是

    A.贯众B.穿心莲C.板蓝根D、大青叶

    144. 桑寄生、狗脊均主治

    A、风湿痹证B.白带过多C、腰膝酸软D.胎动不安

    146.属于香橼功效的是

    A.活血止痛B.疏肝解郁C.理气和中D.燥湿化痰

    147.具有收敛止血功效的药物是

    A.蒲黄B.侧柏叶C.紫珠D.槐花

    148.属于琥珀主治病证的是

    A.淋证癃闭B.心腹刺痛C.惊风痫病D.头晕目眩

    149.属于龟甲功效的是

    A.滋阴替阳B.益肾健骨C.软坚散结D.养血补心

    150.具有涩肠止泻功效的药物是

    A.金樱子B.覆盆子C.五倍子D.五味子

    151.暖肝煎的组成药物中含有

    A.肉桂B.丁香C.吴茱萸D.小茴香

    152.炙甘草汤具有治疗作用有

    A.滋心阴B.养心血C.益心气D.温心阳

    153.属于至宝丹功用的是

    A.芳香开窍B.化浊辟*C.息风止痉D.清热解毒

    154.虎潜丸与大补阴丸均具有的治疗作用是

    A.滋补肝肾B.潜阳敛汗C.清降虚火D.强壮筋骨

    155.大秦艽汤与消风散均具有的治疗作用是

    A.祛风清热B.益气健脾C.养血活血D.燥湿化痰

    156.加减葳蕤汤以生葳蕤为君,意在

    A.滋阴以滋汗源B.养阴以润肺燥C.清热以利咽喉D.凉血以除烦渴

    157.牡蛎散原方煎服时加小“麦百余粒”,其用意是

    A.退虚热B.养心阴C.益心气D.补心血

    158.枳实薤白桂枝汤中桂枝的配伍用意是

    A.助阳化气B.通阳散寒C.温阳化痰D.降逆平冲

    159.半夏白术天麻汤与贝母瓜蒌散组成中均含有的药物是

    A.橘红B.桔梗C.天花粉D.茯苓

    162. 属于肺胀病因的是

    A久病肺虚B感受外邪C情志内伤D禀赋不足

    163. 属于厥证常见证候的是

    A痰厥B寒厥C气厥D血厥

    164. 可选用保和丸治疗的病证是

    A腹痛属饮食积滞证者B胃痛属饮食伤胃证者

    C呕吐属食滞内停证者D泄泻属食滞肠胃证者

    165. 属于虚劳治疗原则的是

    A虚则补之,损者益之B强调肝肾同补

    C辨证结合辨病论治D重视补益脾肾

    166. 臌胀属阳虚水盛证者,治疗可选用

    A五皮饮B附子理中汤C胃苓汤D济生肾气丸

    167. 治疗中风中脏腑属痰火瘀闭证,用以清心开窍可选的方剂是

    A玉枢丹B苏合香丸C安宫牛黄丸D 至宝丹

    168. 瘿病实证常见证候有

    A气郁痰阻B痰结血瘀C肝火旺盛D痰饮内阻

    169. 汗证的常用治法有

    A开宣肺气B养血补心C宜气固表D滋阴降火

    170.癃闭水蓄膀胱急症,当急通小便,可用的治疗措施有

    A取嚏B探吐C药浴D针刺

    171. 鼻衄的常见证候有

    A心火上炎证B胃热炽盛证C肝火上炎证D气血亏虚证

    172. 属于消渴病因的是

    A禀赋不足B亡血失津

    C劳欲过度D情志失调

    考研究生数学题目

    研究生考试护理与临床题目有一定的相局扮似性,但它们并不完全一样。在研究生考试护理题目中,通常会包括理论知识、护理实践、护理研究等方面的内容,旨在考察考生对护理学科的全面掌握程度。而临床题目则更加侧重于实践应用,考察考生在实际临床操作中能否正确判断、分析、解决问题。

    因此,研究生考试护理与临床题目的难度和考查方式也有所不同。研究生考试护理题目通常会更加理论化,需要考生具备一定的理论知识储备和分析能力;而临床题目则更加贴近实际临床操作,需州腊帆要考生具备较强的实践能力和应变能力。

    总的来说,研究生考试护理题目和临床题目都是针对护理学科的考试,但考查的内容和方式有所不同。建议考生在备考过程中,要全面掌握护理学科的理论知识,同时册雹注重实践应用,提高自己的分析和解决问题能力。

    博士数学题试卷

    《英语能力测试(写作)》是北京外国语大学英语语言文学硕士研究生专业的重要考试科目,英语学院研究生教育包括英语文学、语言学与应用语言学、翻译学、美国研究、英国研究、澳大利亚研悔闷究、加拿大研究和爱尔迅前如兰研究等方向,重视的专业知识传授和严格的研究方法训练。课程设置旨在夯实英语亩启功底,拓展学术视野,培养具有人文素养、独立研究能力和开拓精神的高级外语专门人才。北京外国语大学硕士研究生《英语能力测试(写作)》考试试题如下:

    I. Summarize the main points in the following article (in about 200 words) and write a commentary (in about 500 words) on the issue under discussion, relating it to Chinese reality. (70 points)

    Gregory Currie, a professor of philosophy at the University of Nottingham, recently argued that we ought not to claim that literature improves us as people, because there is no “compelling evidence that suggests that people are morally or socially better for reading Tolstoy” or other great books.

    Actually, there is such evidence. Raymond Mar, a psychologist at York University in Canada, and Keith Oatley, a professor emeritus of cognitive psychology at the University of Toronto, reported in studies published in 2006 and 2009 that individuals who often read fiction appear to be better able to understand other people, empathize with them and view the world from their perspective. This link persisted even after the researchers factored in the possibility that more empathetic individuals might choose to read more novels. A 2010 study by Mar found a similar result in young children: the more stories they had read to them, the keener their “theory of mind,” or mental model of other people’s intentions.

    “Deep reading”—as opposed to the often superficial reading we do on the Web—is an endangered practice, one we ought to take steps to preserve as we would a historic building or a significant work of art. Its disappearance would imperil the intellectual and emotional development of generations growing up online, as well as the perpetuation of a critical part of our culture: the novels, poems and other kinds of literature that can be appreciated only by readers whose brains, quite literally, have been trained to apprehend them.

    Recent research in cognitive science, psychology and neuroscience has demonstrated that deep reading—slow, immersive, rich in sensory detail and emotional and moral complexity—is a distinctive experience, different in kind from the mere decoding of words. Although deep reading does not, strictly speaking, require a conventional book, the built-in limits of the printed page are uniquely conducive to the deep reading experience. A book’s lack of hyperlinks, for example, frees the reader from making decisions—Should I click on this link or not?—allowing him to remain fully immersed in the narrative.

    That immersion is supported by the way the brain handles language rich in detail, allusion and metaphor: by creating a mental representation that draws on the same brain regions that would be active if the scene were unfolding in real life. The emotional situations and moral dilemmas that are the stuff of literature are also vigorous exercise for the brain, propelling us inside the heads of fictional characters and even, studies suggest, increasing our real-life capacity for empathy.

    None of this is likely to happen when we’re reading online. Although we call the activity by the same name, the deep reading of books and the information-driven reading we do on the Web are very different, both in the experience they produce and in the capacities they develop. A growing body of evidence suggests that online reading may be less engaging and less satisfying, even for the “digital natives” for whom it is so familiar. For example, Britain’s National Literacy Trust earlier released the results of a study of 34,910 young people aged 8 to 16. Researchers reported that 39% of children and teens read daily using electronic devices, but only 28% read printed materials every day. Those who read only onscreen were three times less likely to say they enjoy reading very much and a third less likely to have a favorite book. The study also found that young people who read daily only onscreen were nearly two times less likely to be above-average readers than those who read daily in print or both in print and onscreen.

    To understand why we should be concerned about how young people read, and not just whether they’re reading at all, it helps to know something about the way the ability to read evolved. “Human beings were never born to read,” notes Maryanne Wolf, director of the Center for Reading and Language Research at Tufts University and author of Proust and the Squid: The Story and Science of the Reading Brain. Unlike the ability to understand and produce spoken language, which under normal circumstances will unfold according to a program dictated by our genes, the ability to read must be painstakingly acquired by each individual.

    The deep reader, protected from distractions and attuned to the nuances of language, enters a state that psychologist Victor Nell, in a study of the psychology of pleasure reading, likens to a hypnotic trance. Nell found that when readers are enjoying the experience the most, the pace of their reading actually slows. The combination of fast, fluent decoding of words and slow, unhurried progress on the page gives deep readers time to enrich their reading with reflection, analysis, and their own memories and opinions. It gives them time to establish an intimate relationship with the author, the two of them engaged in an extended and ardent conversation like people falling in love.

    This is not reading as many young people are coming to know it. Their reading is pragmatic and instrumental: the difference between what literary critic Frank Kermode calls “carnal reading” and “spiritual reading.” If we allow our offspring to believe carnal reading is all there is—if we don’t open the door to spiritual reading, through an early insistence on discipline and practice—we will have cheated them of an enjoyable, even ecstatic experience they would not otherwise encounter. And we will have deprived them of an elevating and enlightening experience that will enlarge them as people. Observing young people’s attachment to digital devices, some progressive educators and permissive parents talk about needing to “meet kids where they are,” molding instruction around their onscreen habits. This is mistaken. We need, rather, to show them someplace they’ve never been, a place only deep reading can take them.

    II. Write an essay (in about 600 words) on the topic below. Your essay should be clear in structure, logical in reasoning and accurate and appropriate in language. (80 points)

    Topic

    Literature is a nation’s unique cultural heritage and a passage to understanding the soul of the nation. In your opinion, in what ways are Chinese writers important in cross cultural dialogue between China and the West and what role can they play in this endeavour?

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